> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://help.airbridge.io/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Troubleshooting - Cordova-Ionic SDK

## iOS

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="The domain of saved passwords appears as airbridge.io or abr.ge">
    #### Problem

    Users may see the domain of passwords stored with the [Password AutoFill](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/security/password-autofill) feature as airbridge.io or abr.ge.

    #### Cause

    After setting up deep links for the Airbridge SDK, if you utilize the Password AutoFill feature, the domain is saved as the applinks domain of the Airbridge deep link, which is airbridge.io or abr.ge.

    #### Solution

    The problem can be solved by setting up the webcredentials domain used in the Password AutoFill.

    1. Prepare the domain that will store the password.

    2. Host the JSON below at `https://YOUR_DOMAIN/.well-known/apple-app-site-association` with `Content-Type: application/json`. Your prepared domain should be entered instead of `YOUR_DOMAIN`.

    You can find the App ID Prefix and Bundle ID in the **\[Identifiers]>\[YOUR\_APP]** menu of the [Apple Developer Portal](https://developer.apple.com/account/resources).

    ```json lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    {
        "webcredentials": {
            "apps": ["YOUR_APP_ID_PREFIX.YOUR_BUNDLE_ID"]
        }
    }
    ```

    3. Navigate to **\[YOUR\_PROJECT]>\[Signing & Capabilities]** in Xcode.

    4. Click **+ Capability** to add Associated Domains. Enter `webcredentials:YOUR_DOMAIN` in Associated Domains.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Bitcode Compile Error">
    An error like below may occur when creating iOS builds with Cordova-Ionic SDK v2.0.1+.

    ```
    ld: XCFrameworkIntermediates/AirBridge/AirBridge.framework/AirBridge(AirBridge-arm64-master.o)' does not contain bitcode. You must rebuild it with bitcode enabled (Xcode setting ENABLE_BITCODE)
    ```

    Since Cordova-Ionic SDK v2.0.1+ uses Airbridge iOS SDK v1.28.0+, Bitcode is no longer supported. Please refer to the [Bitcode compile error guide](/en/developers/deprecated-ios-sdk-v1#bitcode-compile-error) for more details.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="[Xcode 27] SceneDelegate Migration Required — Additional Setup Needed for Airbridge Deep Links">
    <Note>
      **Attention**

      This troubleshooting guide is for customers who need to migrate an existing AppDelegate-based app to UIScene(SceneDelegate) lifecycle.
    </Note>

    #### **Problem**

    * When you run an app built with Xcode 27, the screen appears blank (white) or the app does not render properly.
    * Airbridge deep link events are not collected even when the app is opened through a scheme deep link or Universal Link.
    * The app does not work even though the code was added to `AppDelegate` as shown in the [Initialize SDK](/en/developers/cordova-sdk-v4#initialize-sdk) and [Collect deep link events in your app](/en/developers/cordova-sdk-v4#enable-airbridge-deep-link-event-collection) developer guide examples.

    #### **Cause**

    Apple is moving the app lifecycle from the `UIApplicationDelegate`-only AppDelegate model to the `UIScene`-based SceneDelegate model, and adopting the Scene lifecycle has effectively become required in the latest Xcode and iOS environments.

    When an app adopts the Scene lifecycle through `UIApplicationSceneManifest`, the following `AppDelegate` callbacks are **no longer called.**

    | Existing AppDelegate callback                                     | Replacement callback in the Scene lifecycle (`SceneDelegate`) |
    | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
    | `window` creation in `application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:` | `scene:willConnectToSession:options:`                         |
    | Deep link at app cold start                                       | `connectionOptions` of `scene:willConnectToSession:options:`  |
    | `application:openURL:options:`                                    | `scene:openURLContexts:`                                      |
    | `application:continueUserActivity:restorationHandler:`            | `scene:continueUserActivity:`                                 |

    In cordova-ios 7.x and earlier, CDVAppDelegate creates the window and MainViewController in application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:. In the Scene lifecycle the window is owned by the SceneDelegate, so that window is never displayed and the screen stays blank.

    #### **Solution**

    The required work depends on your cordova-ios platform version. Check the version with `cordova platform ls`, then select the matching tab in each step below.

    <Note>
      **Attention**

      CDVSceneDelegate in cordova-ios 8.0.0 / 8.0.1 does not implement scene:continueUserActivity:, so applying the code below causes the app to terminate when it is opened through a Universal Link. **Update to cordova-ios 8.1.0 or later before applying this guide.**
    </Note>

    |                                      | cordova-ios<br />8.1.0 or later                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | cordova-ios<br />7.x or earlier                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
    | Deep link when the app is terminated | Scheme deep links are forwarded by `CDVSceneDelegate` to `scene:openURLContexts:`, so no separate handling is needed<br />For Universal Links only, extract `NSUserActivity` from `userActivities` of `scene:willConnectToSession:options:` and call `trackDeeplinkWithUserActivity:` | In `scene:willConnectToSession:options:`, from `connectionOptions`<br />- extract `URL` from `URLContexts` and call `trackDeeplinkWithUrl:`<br />- extract `NSUserActivity` from `userActivities` and call `trackDeeplinkWithUserActivity:` |
    | 스킴 딥링크(백그라운드)                        | In `scene:openURLContexts:`, extract `URL` from `URLContexts` and call `trackDeeplinkWithUrl:`                                                                                                                                                                                        | Same                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
    | 유니버설 링크(백그라운드)                       | In `scene:continueUserActivity:`, call `trackDeeplinkWithUserActivity:` with `NSUserActivity`                                                                                                                                                                                         | Same                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |

    ##### 1. Add Scene Manifest to Info.plist

    <Tabs>
      <Tab title="cordova-ios 8.1.0 or later">
        This is already included in platforms/ios/App/App-Info.plist. Just confirm that no value is missing. **UISceneStoryboardFile** **must be set to** **Main**; without it the screen stays blank.

        ```xml lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
        <key>UIApplicationSceneManifest</key>
        <dict>
            <key>UIApplicationSupportsMultipleScenes</key>
            <false/>
            <key>UISceneConfigurations</key>
            <dict>
                <key>UIWindowSceneSessionRoleApplication</key>
                <array>
                    <dict>
                        <key>UISceneConfigurationName</key>
                        <string>Default Configuration</string>
                        <key>UISceneDelegateClassName</key>
                        <string>$(PRODUCT_MODULE_NAME).SceneDelegate</string>
                        <key>UISceneStoryboardFile</key>
                        <string>Main</string>
                    </dict>
                </array>
            </dict>
        </dict>
        ```
      </Tab>

      <Tab title="cordova-ios 7.x or earlier">
        Add the following UIApplicationSceneManifest to platforms/ios/YOUR\_PROJECT\_NAME/YOUR\_PROJECT\_NAME-Info.plist. cordova-ios 7.x and earlier have no Main.storyboard, so **do not set** **UISceneStoryboardFile.**

        ```xml lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
        <key>UIApplicationSceneManifest</key>
        <dict>
            <key>UIApplicationSupportsMultipleScenes</key>
            <false/>
            <key>UISceneConfigurations</key>
            <dict>
                <key>UIWindowSceneSessionRoleApplication</key>
                <array>
                    <dict>
                        <key>UISceneConfigurationName</key>
                        <string>Default Configuration</string>
                        <key>UISceneDelegateClassName</key>
                        <string>SceneDelegate</string>
                    </dict>
                </array>
            </dict>
        </dict>
        ```
      </Tab>
    </Tabs>

    ##### 2. Create SceneDelegate and move the deep link collection code to SceneDelegate

    The code below follows the default template language of each cordova-ios version: Swift for 8.1.0 or later, Objective-C for 7.x or earlier. If you implement it in the other language, also apply the following.

    <Tabs>
      <Tab title="cordova-ios 8.1.0 or later">
        **Implementing cordova-ios 8.1.0 or later in Objective-C:** delete the provided App/SceneDelegate.swift and change UISceneDelegateClassName in App-Info.plist to SceneDelegate. #import "App-Swift.h" is required to call AirbridgeCordova, and do not import AppDelegate.h because it raises a build warning.

        Modify platforms/ios/App/SceneDelegate.swift as follows.

        ```swift lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
        import Cordova

        class SceneDelegate: CDVSceneDelegate {
            // when terminated app is opened with scheme deeplink or universal links
            override func scene(
                _ scene: UIScene,
                willConnectTo session: UISceneSession,
                options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions
            ) {
                // CDVSceneDelegate forwards connectionOptions.urlContexts to scene(_:openURLContexts:),
                // so scheme deeplinks are handled in scene(_:openURLContexts:) below.
                super.scene(scene, willConnectTo: session, options: connectionOptions)

                // CDVSceneDelegate does not forward connectionOptions.userActivities,
                // so delegate to scene(_:continue:) below.
                if let userActivity = connectionOptions.userActivities.first {
                    self.scene(scene, continue: userActivity)
                }
            }

            // when backgrounded app is opened with scheme deeplink
            override func scene(_ scene: UIScene, openURLContexts URLContexts: Set<UIOpenURLContext>) {
                // Must be called so that CDVPluginHandleOpenURLNotification reaches Cordova plugins.
                super.scene(scene, openURLContexts: URLContexts)

                // track deeplink
                if let context = URLContexts.first {
                    AirbridgeCordova.trackDeeplink(url: context.url)
                }
            }

            // when backgrounded app is opened with universal links
            override func scene(_ scene: UIScene, continue userActivity: NSUserActivity) {
                super.scene(scene, continue: userActivity)

                // track deeplink
                AirbridgeCordova.trackDeeplink(userActivity: userActivity)
            }
        }
        ```
      </Tab>

      <Tab title="cordova-ios 7.x or earlier">
        **Implementing cordova-ios 7.x or earlier in Swift:** change UISceneDelegateClassName to \$(PRODUCT\_MODULE\_NAME).SceneDelegate, and add #import "AppDelegate.h", #import "MainViewController.h", and #import \<Cordova/CDVPlugin.h> to platforms/ios/YOUR\_PROJECT\_NAME/Bridging-Header.h, which the platform provides by default. AirbridgeCordova is compiled into the app target, so no separate import is needed.

        Add the following two files under platforms/ios/YOUR\_PROJECT\_NAME/Classes and include them in the app target in Xcode.

        ```objective-c lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
        // SceneDelegate.h
        #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0))
        @interface SceneDelegate : UIResponder <UIWindowSceneDelegate>

        @property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;

        @end

        // SceneDelegate.m
        #import "SceneDelegate.h"
        #import "AppDelegate.h"
        #import "MainViewController.h"
        #import <Cordova/CDVPlugin.h>
        // The Airbridge Cordova-Ionic SDK is written in Swift.
        #import "YOUR_PROJECT_NAME-Swift.h"

        @implementation SceneDelegate

        // when terminated app is opened with scheme deeplink or universal links
        - (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene
            willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session
                         options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions
        {
          if (![scene isKindOfClass:[UIWindowScene class]]) {
            return;
          }
          UIWindowScene *windowScene = (UIWindowScene *)scene;

          // In the Scene lifecycle, the window is owned by the SceneDelegate.
          // The window and MainViewController that CDVAppDelegate used to create must be
          // created here, otherwise the screen stays blank.
          MainViewController *viewController = [[MainViewController alloc] init];
          self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithWindowScene:windowScene];
          self.window.autoresizesSubviews = YES;
          self.window.rootViewController = viewController;
          [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];

          // Populate AppDelegate's window/viewController properties for existing code that reads them.
          AppDelegate *appDelegate = (AppDelegate *)UIApplication.sharedApplication.delegate;
          appDelegate.window = self.window;
          appDelegate.viewController = viewController;

          // track deeplink
          UIOpenURLContext *context = connectionOptions.URLContexts.allObjects.firstObject;
          if (context != nil) {
            [self postCordovaOpenURLNotificationWithContext:context];
            [AirbridgeCordova trackDeeplinkWithUrl:context.URL];
          }
          NSUserActivity *userActivity = connectionOptions.userActivities.allObjects.firstObject;
          if (userActivity != nil) {
            [AirbridgeCordova trackDeeplinkWithUserActivity:userActivity];
          }
        }

        // when backgrounded app is opened with scheme deeplink
        - (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene openURLContexts:(NSSet<UIOpenURLContext *> *)URLContexts
        {
          UIOpenURLContext *context = URLContexts.allObjects.firstObject;
          if (context == nil) {
            return;
          }

          [self postCordovaOpenURLNotificationWithContext:context];

          // track deeplink
          [AirbridgeCordova trackDeeplinkWithUrl:context.URL];
        }

        // when backgrounded app is opened with universal links
        - (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene continueUserActivity:(NSUserActivity *)userActivity
        {
          // track deeplink
          [AirbridgeCordova trackDeeplinkWithUserActivity:userActivity];
        }

        // Replaces the notification dispatch that CDVAppDelegate's application:openURL:options: performed.
        // Required for deep link handling in other Cordova plugins, such as window.handleOpenURL.
        - (void)postCordovaOpenURLNotificationWithContext:(UIOpenURLContext *)context API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0))
        {
          if (context.URL == nil) {
            return;
          }

          [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:CDVPluginHandleOpenURLNotification
                                                              object:context.URL];

          NSMutableDictionary *openURLData = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
          [openURLData setValue:context.URL forKey:@"url"];
          [openURLData setValue:context.options.sourceApplication forKey:@"sourceApplication"];
          [openURLData setValue:context.options.annotation forKey:@"annotation"];
          [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]
              postNotificationName:CDVPluginHandleOpenURLWithAppSourceAndAnnotationNotification
                            object:openURLData];
        }

        @end
        ```

        <Note>
          **Attention**

          On cordova-ios 8.1.0 or later, **do not additionally call** trackDeeplink(url:) with connectionOptions.urlContexts inside scene(\_:willConnectTo:options:). CDVSceneDelegate forwards them to scene(\_:openURLContexts:) again, so the deep link would be collected twice at cold start.
        </Note>
      </Tab>
    </Tabs>

    ##### 3. Clean up AppDelegate

    * Leave the SDK initialization code (`initializeSDK`) in `application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:`

      **as is.**
    * The `application:openURL:options:` and `application:continueUserActivity:restorationHandler:`

      methods you wrote to collect deep links are not called in the Scene lifecycle, so after moving them to `SceneDelegate`, delete them from `AppDelegate`.
    * **On cordova-ios 7.x or earlier,** delete `self.viewController = [[MainViewController alloc] init];`

      and `return [super application:application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:launchOptions];`

      , and return `YES` instead. The default `CDVAppDelegate` implementation creates a new `window` and `CDVViewController`, so leaving it in place creates a second Cordova web view that is never displayed.
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Android

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="A coroutine dependency error occurs during the build process">
    #### Issue

    A coroutine dependency error occurs during the build process with the following message.

    ```html Text lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: kotlin/coroutines/AbstractCoroutineContextKey
        at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
        at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1016)
      ...
    ```

    #### Cause

    If the kotlinx-coroutines-core library version is 1.3.5 or later, [the kotlin-stdlib library version must be at a certain level or later](https://github.com/Kotlin/kotlinx.coroutines/issues/1879).

    #### Solution

    Check whether the kotlin-stdlib library version is v.1.3.70 or later with the `gradlew dependencies` command. If the version is earlier than v.1.3.70, you need to update it.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Deeplink Opens generated by push notifications using the Braze SDK are not collected">
    #### Issue

    Deeplink Open events that occur through the push notifications generated by the Braze SDK are not collected by Airbridge. Instead, the App Open event is collected.

    #### Cause

    The Airbridge SDK uses the `dataString` in the `action` and `intent` of the `Activity` to distinguish between Deeplink Open events and App Open events.

    When a user opens the app through a push notification using the Braze SDK, the app goes through `NotificationTrampolineActivity`. This activity handles push notifications, but the `dataString` is not included in its `action` and `intent`, preventing the SDK from determining if it's a Deeplink Open event or an App Open event.

    #### Solution

    Add the following code to the `android/app/src/main/java/.../MainApplication.kt` file.

    <CodeGroup>
      ```kotlin Kotlin lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
      import co.ab180.airbridge.cordova.AirbridgeCordova 
      import co.ab180.airbridge.cordova.common.AirbridgeLifecycleIntegration
      ...
      AirbridgeCordova .setLifecycleIntegration = { activity ->
          return@setLifecycleIntegration activity
              .takeIf { it.javaClass.name == "com.braze.push.NotificationTrampolineActivity" }
              ?.run { intent?.extras?.getString("uri") }
      }
      ```

      ```java Java lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
      import co.ab180.airbridge.cordova.AirbridgeCordova ;
      import co.ab180.airbridge.cordova.common.AirbridgeLifecycleIntegration;
      ...
      AirbridgeCordova .setLifecycleIntegration(new AirbridgeLifecycleIntegration() {
          @Nullable
          @Override
          public String getDataString(@NonNull Activity activity) {
              if (
                  activity.getClass().getName().equals("com.braze.push.NotificationTrampolineActivity")
                  && activity.getIntent() != null
                  && activity.getIntent().getExtras() != null
              ) {
                  return activity.getIntent().getExtras().getString("uri");
              }
              return null;
          }
      });
      ```
    </CodeGroup>
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="The &#x22;Manifest merger failed&#x22; error occurs during the build process">
    #### Issue

    The "Manifest merger failed" error occurs during the build process.

    #### Cause

    The Airbridge SDK's `AndroidManifest.xml` includes rules to opt out of backing up the Shared Preferences data. The purpose of this rule is to avoid retaining the same Airbridge settings during the reinstallation of the app so that new installs or reinstalls can be detected accurately.

    Merging Airbridge SDK backup rules with your app backup rules can cause conflicts.

    #### Solution

    Below are the opt-out rules defined in the Airbridge SDK.

    <CodeGroup>
      ```xml Backup on Android 12 or later lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
      <data-extraction-rules>
          <cloud-backup>
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-internal" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-install" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-info" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-alias" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-attributes" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-device-alias" />
              <exclude domain="database" path="airbridge.db" />
          </cloud-backup>
          <device-transfer>
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-internal" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-install" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-info" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-alias" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-attributes" />
              <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-device-alias" />
              <exclude domain="database" path="airbridge.db" />
          </device-transfer>
      </data-extraction-rules>
      ```

      ```xml Backup on Android 11 and earlier lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
      <full-backup-content>
          <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-internal" />
          <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-install" />
          <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-info" />
          <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-alias" />
          <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-attributes" />
          <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-device-alias" />
          <exclude domain="database" path="airbridge.db" />
      </full-backup-content>
      ```
    </CodeGroup>

    ##### Fix conflict with fullBackupContent="string"

    Adding `android:fullBackupContent="string"` to the `AndroidManifest.xml` file may cause an error like the following.

    ```html Build Output lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    Manifest merger failed : Attribute application@fullBackupContent value=(string) from AndroidManifest.xml
    ```

    To fix this error,

    * add `xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"` to the `<manifest>` tag
    * add `tools:replace="android:fullBackupContent"` to the `<application>` tag

    in the `AndroidManifest.xml` file.

    ##### Fix conflict with dataExtractionRules="string resource"

    Adding `android:dataExtractionRules="string resource"` to the `AndroidManifest.xml` file may cause an error like the following.

    ```html Build Output lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    Manifest merger failed : Attribute application@dataExtractionRules value=(string resource) from AndroidManifest.xml

    ```

    To fix this error,

    * add `xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"` to the `<manifest>` tag
    * add `tools:replace="android:dataExtractionRules"` to the `<application>` tag

    in the `AndroidManifest.xml` file.

    ##### Fix conflict with allowBackup="false"

    Adding `android:allowBackup="false"` to the `AndroidManifest.xml` file may cause an error like the following.

    ```html Build Output lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    Manifest merger failed : Attribute application@allowBackup value=(false) from AndroidManifest.xml:32:9-36
    	is also present at [:airbridge] AndroidManifest.xml:27:9-35 value=(true).
    	Suggestion: add 'tools:replace="android:allowBackup"' to <application> element at AndroidManifest.xml:30:5-250:19 to override.
    ```

    To fix this error,

    * add `xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"` to the `<manifest>` tag
    * add `tools:replace="android:allowBackup"` to the `<application>` tag

    in the `AndroidManifest.xml` file.

    ##### If compileSdkVersion is lower than 31

    The `android:dataExtractionRules` has been added in API Level 31. Therefore, if the compileSdkVersion is lower than 31,  an error like the following may occur.

    ```html Build Output lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    AndroidManifest.xml: AAPT: error: attribute android:dataExtractionRules not found.
    ```

    To fix this error,

    * add `xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"` to the `<manifest>` tag
    * add `tools:remove="android:dataExtractionRules"` to the `<application>` tag

    in the `AndroidManifest.xml` file.

    For more guidance, refer to the articles below.

    * [Android Developers Guide](https://developer.android.com/identity/data/autobackup)
    * [Airbridge Developer Guide](https://airbridge.readme.io/page/auto-backup-%EC%A4%91%EB%B3%B5-%EB%AC%B8%EC%A0%9C-%ED%95%B4%EA%B2%B0-%EA%B0%80%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%9C)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Resolve Airbridge SDK backup rules merge conflict issue">
    #### Issue

    If an Airbridge SDK backup rule and a backup rule for a different third-party SDK (e.g., AppsFlyer SDK) overlap, you will see the build error below.

    ```html lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    Attribute application@fullBackupContent value=(@xml/appsflyer_backup_rules) from [com.appsflyer:af-android-sdk:6.6.1] AndroidManifest.xml:14:18-73
    is also present at [io.airbridge:sdk-android:2.14.0] AndroidManifest.xml:27:18-78 value=(@xml/airbridge_auto_backup_rules).
    Suggestion: add 'tools:replace="android:fullBackupContent"' to <application> element at AndroidManifest.xml:7:5-13:19 to override.
    ```

    #### Cause

    Overlapping of the Airbridge SDK backup rules and third-party SDK backup rules can cause build errors.

    #### Solution

    ##### `backup_rules.xml` setup

    1. Create a `android/app/src/main/res/xml` folder.
    2. Within the new xml folder, create a file (e.g. `custom_backup_rules.xml`).
    3. Add the data backup rules defined in the Airbridge SDK as follows.

    ```xml lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <full-backup-content>
        <!-- Airbridge Backup Rules -->
        <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-internal" />
        <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-install" />
        <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-info" />
        <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-alias" />
        <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-attributes" />
        <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-device-alias" />
        <exclude domain="database" path="airbridge.db" />
      
        <!-- Appsflyer Backup Rules -->
        <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="appsflyer-data"/>
    	
    	<!-- Your Custom Backup Rules -->
    </full-backup-content>
    ```

    ##### `data_extraction_rules.xml` setup

    1. Within the created xml folder, create a file (e.g. `custom_data_extraction_rules.xml`).
    2. Add the data backup rules defined in the Airbridge SDK as follows.

    ```xml lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <data-extraction-rules>
        <cloud-backup>
            <!-- Airbridge Backup Rules -->
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-internal" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-install" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-info" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-alias" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-attributes" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-device-alias" />
            <exclude domain="database" path="airbridge.db" />

            <!-- Appsflyer Backup Rules -->
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="appsflyer-data"/>

    	    <!-- Your Custom Backup Rules -->
        </cloud-backup>
        <device-transfer>
            <!-- Airbridge Backup Rules -->
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-internal" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-install" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-info" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-alias" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-user-attributes" />
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="airbridge-device-alias" />
            <exclude domain="database" path="airbridge.db" />

            <!-- Appsflyer Backup Rules -->
            <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="appsflyer-data"/>

    	    <!-- Your Custom Backup Rules -->
        </device-transfer>
    </data-extraction-rules>
    ```

    ##### `AndroidManifest.xml` setup

    ```xml lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    <manifest
        ...
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

        <application
            ...
    		android:allowBackup="true"
    		android:fullBackupContent="@xml/custom_backup_rules"
            android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/custom_data_extraction_rules"
    		tools:replace="android:fullBackupContent,android:dataExtractionRules">
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="GAID is collected as 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000">
    #### Issue

    GAID is being collected as 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 even though LAT (Limited Ad Tracking) is deactivated.

    #### Cause

    The AD\_ID permission has been excluded due to other third-party libraries.

    #### Solution

    Add AD\_ID permission.

    ```xml lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
    <manifest ...>
      ...
      <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gms.permission.AD_ID" />
      ...
    </manifest>
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Warnings or rejections related to 16KB page size occur when uploading to Google Play">
    ### **Issue**

    When uploading your app to Google Play Console, you may receive the following warning or rejection messages:

    * "Your app doesn't support 16 KB page size"
    * "16 KB page size compatibility required"
    * App upload is rejected or displayed in a warning state

    This is due to Google Play policy requirements that apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35) or higher must support 16KB page size.

    ### Cause

    To support 16 KB page sizes, the entire app (APK/AAB) must be packaged with 16 KB zipalign to pass Google Play policy.

    If the APK/AAB is not built with 16 KB zipalign:

    * You will receive warning or rejection messages when uploading to Google Play Console
    * Uploads will be completely blocked after November 1, 2025
    * The app may not work properly on 16KB page size devices in the future

    **Known Issue in the Airbridge SDK: PT\_GNU\_RELRO Alignment**

    The Airbridge SDK has supported 16 KB page sizes since v4.6. However, in versions built with NDK r21, the LOAD segments of the native libraries (`.so`) are aligned to the 16 KB boundary, but the `PT_GNU_RELRO` segment is not.

    * **App behavior is not affected.** The app runs normally on 16 KB page size devices.
    * However, Google Play Console may display a 16 KB page size warning when you upload your app.
    * Alignment check tools such as Android Studio lint, APK Analyzer, and `check_elf_alignment.sh` may also report this as a warning.

    This issue was resolved by upgrading the SDK build toolchain to NDK r27, and 16 KB page size support has been verified after the fix. Refer to the table below for the minimum version with 16 KB support and the recommended version for each platform.

    | Platform      | Minimum Version with 16 KB Support | Recommended Version (PT\_GNU\_RELRO issue fixed) |
    | ------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
    | Android       | v4.6                               | v4.9.4                                           |
    | React Native  | v4.6                               | v4.9.0                                           |
    | Cordova Ionic | v4.4.1                             | x (support planned)                              |
    | Flutter       | v4.6                               | v4.9.0                                           |
    | Expo          | v4.6                               | v4.9.0                                           |
    | Unity         | v4.6                               | v4.9.2                                           |
    | Unreal        | v4.6                               | v4.9.0                                           |

    ### **Solution**

    **Step 1: Check Airbridge SDK Version**

    Compare the Airbridge SDK version you are using against the table above.

    * **If you are using a version lower than the** **`Minimum Version with 16 KB Support`:**

      16 KB page sizes are not supported. Be sure to update.
    * **If you are using a version at or above the** **`Minimum Version with 16 KB Support`** **but below the** **`Recommended Version`:**

      The `PT_GNU_RELRO` alignment issue described above may cause Google Play Console to keep showing the warning. App behavior is not affected, but to resolve the warning, update to the `Recommended Version` or later.

    **Step 2: Check and Configure Android Gradle Plugin (AGP) Version**

    Check your project's current AGP version.

    If using AGP 8.5.1 or higher:

    * 16KB zipalign is automatically applied without any additional configuration.
    * Proceed directly to Step 3.

    If using AGP 8.5.0 or lower:

    * Option A: Upgrade AGP to 8.5.1 or higher
    * Option B: Keep current AGP version + Add configuration

      ```groovy lines theme={"theme":{"light":"github-dark-dimmed","dark":"github-dark-dimmed"}}
      android {
          ...
          packagingOptions {
              jniLibs {
                  useLegacyPackaging true
              }
          }
      }
      ```

    **Step 3: Rebuild and Verify the App**

    After changing the configuration, perform a clean build of your app.

    **Step 4: Verify 16KB zipalign Application**

    Verify that the built APK/AAB is properly 16KB zipaligned.
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

<link rel="alternate" hrefLang="en" href="https://help.airbridge.io/en/developers/troubleshooting-cordova-sdk-v4" />

<link rel="alternate" hrefLang="ko" href="https://help.airbridge.io/ko/developers/troubleshooting-cordova-sdk-v4" />